To mark the 75th anniversary of the Central Office of Information (COI), the BFI, The National Archives and Imperial War Museums (IWM) are coming together to showcase the broad and eclectic range of work produced by the department. From the Charley Says (1973) public information film series and classic safety films like Lonely Water (1973) and Apaches (1977), to the controversial AIDS awareness campaign, the COI produced some iconic screen moments during its fascinating history. The BFI, The National Archives and IWM have worked together for decades to help preserve the work of the COI, with each archive now selecting material to help tell its story through a series of collaborative events taking place over the rest of the year to celebrate #COI75.
Anniversary celebrations launch with a BFI At Home event on 23 June (19:00, BFI YouTube), a whistle-stop introductory tour of the work of the COI and the diversity of its output and its impact, with illustrated film clips and insights from curators Patrick Russell (Senior Curator, BFI National Archive), Sarah Castagnetti (Visual Collections Manager, The National Archives) and Michelle Kirby (Film Curator, IWM).
Focusing on the four key areas; safety, health, recruitment and migration the compilation includes:
- Jet Propelled Germs (1948) – Richard Massingham's film about the dangers of uncontrolled sneezing
- Life in Her Hands (1951) – Kathleen Byron (Black Narcissus) stars in this nursing recruitment B-movie that employs all the techniques of postwar ‘women's picture' melodrama to reach its demographic target
- Understanding Aggression (1960) – Margaret Thomson's eye-opening drama-doc, originally used in psychiatric nursing training
- Smoking and You (1963) – This educational school programme, the first official anti-smoking campaign film was aimed at young adults
- The Smoking Machine (1964) Sarah Erulkar's anti-smoking film warns primary school age children about the drawbacks of cigarettes
- Moslems in Britain (1964) A series of interviews about life in the capital with Egyptian Muslims living and studying in London
- A Matter of Choice (1965) A peek into the glamorous world and responsibilities awaiting those entering the Women's Royal Air Force, with promises of travel and a hint of sexual freedom
- The New Men (1965) A recruitment film highlighting the importance of RAF ground crew, going all out to pique the interest of male viewers
- Timepiece (1966) Aspirational round-the-world, round-the-clock view of life in the RAF
- Return To Life (1960) John Krish's deeply compassionate documentary on the resettlement of refugees in Britain; made to mark World Refugee Year 1959.
- Insaaf (1971), Partly filmed in Urdu and made for the Race Relations Board, aimed at informing Britain's South Asian community of the Board's role in enforcing the 1968 Race Relations Act
- Never Go With Strangers (1971) This hard-hitting warning against ‘stranger danger' was considered too distressing to be broadcast on television
- Talk About Work (1971) – Shot by the now legendary DOP Chris Menges and directed by Ken Loach, this unscripted public information film, made for the youth employment service, eschews traditional modes of sponsored filmmaking for televisual directness
- Lonely Water (1973) – The stuff of nightmares, this terrifying film narrated by Donald Pleasence, presents the horrific consequences of playing in or near rivers, ponds and other water hazard
- Strangers (1973) – One of the iconic Charley Says animated films, with Charley the Cat, voiced by Kenny Everett, warning of stranger danger
- London Line: African Student Families (1975) – Presented by future Labour MP and peer Paul Boateng, this edition of London Line, a cinemagazine screened to audiences abroad, looks at the support available in London for Nigerian students and their families
- Apaches (1977) – Directed by The Long Good Friday's John Mackenzie, this grizzly public safety film depicts six children being picked off one-by-one by deadly farming machinery
- AIDS –Monolith (1987) Directed by Nic Roeg and narrated by John Hurt, this hard-hitting, controversial film was part of the first major UK AIDS awareness campaign aimed at combating the growing spread of HIV/AIDS
To coincide with the BFI At Home event BFI, The National Archives and IWM will roll out the first of a series of joint curated blogs across the rest of the year on each of their websites, exploring specific themes and COI campaigns in more depth, incorporating materials from each collection.
Available now on BFI Player, a free COI at 75 collection offers viewers a chance to further explore the department's work, with a selection of some of the best known titles and impactful campaigns.
IWM will be making their films even more accessible, as part of Digital Futures, their ambitious five-year mass preservation project to digitise 1.8 million films, photographs and sound recordings with a focus on the Cold War era. Work has already begun on the digitisation of IWM's COI film collection, with more than twenty of IWM's most vulnerable COI films being prioritised, with more films from the collection due to be newly digitised over the next year, many of which will be shared online for the very first time.
The National Archives will host a one-off special from their regular “On The Record” podcast to be aired in September featuring experts in the field discussing the work of the COI. The podcast will highlight some of the iconic screen moments and themes associated with public information films, as well as exploring the wider cultural and historical impact the department had both at home and overseas.
Founded in 1946 as a successor to the wartime Ministry of Information, the COI communicated government messages to the public, devising and delivering a wealth of public service information (and propaganda) including films, photographs, leaflets, posters, newspaper and magazine advertisements and radio broadcasts. These were national communication campaigns designed to inform the public, at home and abroad on a wide variety of issues, such as health, safety, welfare, education, rights and military recruitment.
Though some of the information campaigns for domestic audiences remain well-known, the COI's biggest client was in fact the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, often for films not even shown in the UK, which painted a picture of British life for audiences abroad. The COI produced and distributed thousands of films which literally changed, and even saved lives, before finally closing its doors in 2012.
During the anniversary year, the partnership will explore the COI's techniques which embraced all the main forms of film: documentary, animation and newsreel, drama, comedy and even horror. The sheer scale of the COI's film output made it central to Britain's post-war film industry, with work from some of Britain's leading filmmakers including Ken Loach (Talk About Work, 1971), Peter Greenaway (The Sea in Their Blood, 1983), Nic Roeg (AIDS Monolith, 1987), John Mackenzie (Apaches, 1977), Lindsay Anderson (Foot and Mouth, 1955) and Hugh Hudson (Design For Today, 1965). Big acting names were also brought in, with Donald Pleasence narrating Lonely Water (1973), and John Hurt, voicing the AIDS Monolith (1987) advert, for example.
Beyond the big names were the expert creatives and technicians, like the talented Sarah Erulkar (Never Go With Strangers, 1971, The Smoking Machine), the first person of South Asian heritage to work as a director in any sector of the British screen industries, and John Krish (Return to Life, 1960), a towering talent of sponsored documentary who worked both for the COI and British Transport Films. The COI also made names; Richard Massingham, a familiar face to 1940s cinemagoers, played a bumbling everyman in a series of films, becoming the first star of the public information film, with whimsical titles such as Jet-propelled Germs (1948), Handkerchief Drill (1949) and Another Case of Poisoning (1949).
The partnership between BFI, The National Archives and IWM is an incredible opportunity for reinterpretation, new insights and a chance for rediscovery, exploring the COI's significance and legacy through materials held across the three archives. The majority of the films are held and preserved by the BFI, including a number of public record films. The National Archives hold the government papers commissioning the work of the COI, as well as documentation of its campaigns, including film production files and design materials for posters and leaflets. IWM holds COI films and other materials pertaining to life in the military and recruitment to the armed forces, as well as topics relating to national security, civil defence and the Cold War.